M@RCONECTADO

“México…will explode.”

Man in the mask returns to change world with new coalition and his own sexy novel

In a rare interview, Zapatista rebel chief Marcos warns US efforts to secure its southern border are pushing his poor compatriots over the edge

Jo Tuckman in Mexico City

Saturday May 12, 2007

The Guardian

http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,,2077921,00.html

Man in the mask returns to change world with new coalition and his own sexy novel

In a rare interview, Zapatista rebel chief Marcos warns US efforts to secure its southern border are pushing his poor compatriots over the edge

Jo Tuckman in Mexico City

Saturday May 12, 2007

The Guardian

A bead of sweat is visible through the eyehole of his famous black balaclava. Latin America's most celebrated living rebel must be feeling the heat, but a glass of water would mean taking off the mask and that is out of the question. He makes do with a puff on his pipe, and a subject that is close to his heart. "My new book's coming out in June," Subcomandante Marcos announces with relish during the first interview he has given to a British paper in years. "There's no politics in the text this time. Just sex. Pure pornography."

There has been a literary component to Marcos's revolutionary persona ever since he led the ragtag Zapatista indigenous army out of the jungle in the southern Mexican state of Chiapas on New Year's Day 1994. It began with lyrical communiques on Mayan Indian rights, passed through a stage of barbed sarcasm and scatological put-downs, and recently included a crime novel featuring a rebel detective.

Fundraising

Now even his erotic imagination has been harnessed to the Zapatista cause as a fundraiser. "I'm sure it will sell if we put a lot of Xs on the cover."

Still, Marcos says that his next writing project will be a work of political theory analysing the forces he believes are pushing Mexico towards social upheaval. From dispossessed indigenous communities powerless to stop dams and agribusiness destroying their lands, to street vendors evicted from the capital's kerbs to make way for the retail magnates, he says the country's poor and exploited are close to their limit.

The former orthodox Marxist-Leninist turned anti-globalisation guru, who is not himself indigenous, predicts that the subconscious power of the year 2010 - the 200th anniversary of the war of independence and the 100th of Mexico's revolution - will ignite a fuse laid by American efforts to secure the bilateral border, leaving millions unable to escape to jobs in the north. "Mexico will turn into a pressure cooker," he says. "And, believe me, it will explode."

Marcos says that Mexico's politicians, the media, and even earnest leftwing academics are oblivious to the radicalisation he sees bubbling just under the surface. He points out that they also had no idea that the reputedly docile indigenous population in Chiapas was on the point of armed revolt 13 years ago. Not that the Zapatista rebellion fitted the traditional mould of macho Latin American armed struggle, or Marcos ever looked or sounded like rebel leaders elsewhere. Even the "sub" in his title - designed to imply an improbable subordination to a council of indigenous commanders - subverted the concept of military discipline employed in most other guerrilla armies.

"We left the jungle to die," Marcos recalls, remembering how poorly armed his fighters were. "It sounds dramatic I know, but that's the way it was."

The Zapatistas were beaten back by the Mexican army within days, but not before triggering a wave of sympathy across the country and the world that forced the government to call a ceasefire, as well as agree to peace negotiations that would eventually crumble.

In less than two weeks the Chiapas Indians became an international cause celebre and their mysterious mask-wearing, pipe-smoking, and poetry-spouting leader emerged as the closest approximation yet to the romance of the martyred Che Guevara. They have hardly done any fighting since then.

Powerful persona

Sitting in a sweltering back room of a Mexico City internet cafe, Marcos admits that the message in those early years would sometimes get lost in the fascination his persona inspired. He even confesses to occasionally letting celebrity go to his head. "But there was always the acerbic humour there to say 'tone it down, remember you are a myth, you do not really exist'."

It is certainly a durable myth, which has survived despite the world's attention shifting to more dramatic conflicts and the government's revelation that the man behind the mask is a former philosophy lecturer called Rafael Sebastián Guillén.

Still, the subcomandante does always seem to be looking over his shoulder at himself, which is perhaps one explanation for his periods of near total silence. The longest came in 2001, shortly after the so-called Zapatour in which the Marcos bandwagon travelled the country accompanied by hundreds of international sympathisers and a police escort.

Elections had just ended 71 years of one-party rule in Mexico and the Zapatistas had decided to test the new democracy with the demand for an indigenous bill of rights. When parliament ignored the pressure, the rebels returned to the jungle and concentrated on putting indigenous self-government into practice, with or without constitutional sanction. Marcos disappeared from view, emerging four years later with a new concern to build alliances beyond the indigenous movement.

"This is the last battle of the Zapatistas," he says of the strategy, which relies on the government deciding not to reactivate old arrest warrants for fear of sparking more sympathy for Zapatista. "If we don't win it we will face complete defeat."

The subcomandante's specific aim in his current low-key tour of the country is to consolidate the broad and loose collection of marginal left groups known as The Other Campaign. Marcos hopes this rather chaotic mix of everybody from radical transvestites to Marxist trade unionists will eventually play a leading role in channelling the discontent he is sure will soon be raging into an unarmed civilian movement organised around the principle of respect for difference.

"We think that what is going to happen here will have no 'ism' to describe it." His voice becomes wistful. "It will be so new, beautiful and terrible that it will make the world turn to look at this country in a completely different way."

Ballot box

Such talk could be seen as contrary, perhaps, at a time when the left has taken power in much of Latin America through the ballot box, but Marcos is unimpressed by elections he views as primarily a mechanism for ping-ponging power within the elite. So while he gives Evo Morales in Bolivia a nod of approval for his links to a radical indigenous movement, he describes Hugo Chávez in Venezuela as "disconcerting", and brands Brazil's President Lula and Nicaragua's Daniel Ortega as traitors.

Mexico's politicians on both left and right receive nothing but his scorn. Is it easier to claim the moral high ground when your face is hidden?

Marcos acknowledges that the mask helps, although he stresses it is also a burden. It can be itchy and uncomfortable, and it is so intertwined with his revolutionary persona that to take it off in public even for a few seconds would be the end of the subcomandante.

"The mask will come off when a subcomandante Marcos is no longer necessary," he says. "I hope it's soon so that I can finally become a fireman like I've always wanted. Firemen get the prettiest girls."

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No, compa. Recuerda que: “BILLELLE mata a CARITA”. Te puedo decir quienes se llevan las “mejores”. Espero que no les este llegando “FINANCIAMIENTO” de “esos”.

En cuanto a lo de MITO. Eres una alegoría, nosotros (todos los que salimos a las calles para apoyar a los “zapatos” en Enero de 1994 o en Diciembre de 1998) te hemos construido a base de las esperanzas de los 60 millones de MISERABLES que viven debajo del nivel de pobreza definido por la ONU. El mismo que las OCDE, ITAMs. ITESMs, IBEROs,y otros centros “educativos” desconocen por completo. Pero eres REAL, como el miserable piso de arena o lodo de las chozas en Metlatonoc. Porque nos recuerdas que la LUCHA está inacabada (y permanecerá así), y que una vez más no como hace 100 sino un poco más 150 (o tal vez 200 años) nos va el destino de un país de por medio. Porque a veces La Realidá tiene como cimiento sueños, lo que la hace tan estable que es capaz de RESISTIR terremotos devastadores.

Huelga decir que en los análisis politicos no pongo un pero. Sin embargo, ya te lo había avisado compa. Existen coyunturas históricas y tu acabas de perder una. ¿Deveras ‘tamos tan inmaduros como para que no puedas confiar en que llega un momento en que sabemos lo que nos conviene? En eso a veces te empatas con los del poder. Aquellos mismos que nos prometieron el 2 de Julio los resultados de 7000 casillas distribuidas en puntos estratégicos de México; y que pusieron como pretexto que la contienda estaba muy cerrada. ¿Acaso somos enanos mentales como para no saber leer y desglosar la información que se nos presenta?

Sinceramente compa, ESPERO que llegues a juntar a toda la banda en un movimiento desarmado y pacífico porque el horno no está para bollos (no se aplique la acepción Guerrerense a esta palabra).

¡Ah! Mucha suerte con el libro del mismo “género” literario de la Xaviera Hollander.

Güeno, en otro orden de ideas. Una disculpa si los he dejado al garete, pero estaba ocupadísimo, a veces veo el fut, pero pus tienen que ser muy elegidos para que les dediqué un par de horas. A las CHIVAS (Como regalé la camiseta de los PUMAS,cero y van DOS, traigo la rayada puesta HOY) las tengo castigadas todavía, pero como hoy juegan contra las güilas a lo mejor watcho (no me refiero a los de verde olivo) el juego, no es promesa.

Recién entregué mi tesis doctoral, y como soy más egocéntrico que mi paisa, los quiero apantallar con la portada. Denme chance, sólo la base de datos me costó más de dos años recopilarla para que estuviera libre de paja. Todo sea por el país, así ni duele. Sin embargo, va a revision, y como ni yo estoy satisfecho seguro vienen correcciones. Así que todavía no compren el carbón para la parrilladona loca ni el hielo para la cerbatanas, con la que celebraremos en Mexicalpan mi nuevo grado, ya que no pudimos celebrar el monitoreo de la elección del año próximo pasa’o.

Mmm. ¿Qué más? ¡Ah, sí! Hoy me encierro a piedra y lodo. No se espanten no va a ser como en el cuento ese del Poe. Es para prepararle a un “cuate” el reporte climático de que les platicaba el otro día. Algo de eso anda dando vueltas en mi choya, espero que no se haga realidá.

Vaya pues un abraXXXo solidario,

M@rcamarero,

Norwich, U(n) K(amasutra),

17/5/07